1. Valve cover
   Damper
2. Timing chain

The valve cover is bolted onto the cylinder head and acts as a protective lid. The valve cover gasket forms a seal between the valve cover and the cylinder head and prevents oil from leaking out.

1. Exhaust valve
   Expansion plug
2. Gas tube

An exhaust valve is a camshaft-driven valve in the cylinder head. It releases exhaust gases after combustion.

1. Main bearings
   Minor bearings
2. Non-bearings

The main bearings are between the crankshaft and the block. The crankshaft rotates on these bearings, which hold it in place.

1. Dual Overheating Cartridge
   Dual Overhead Camshaft
2. Down Heading Cylinder

A DOHC is a Dual (or Double) Overhead Camshaft. It's like a SOHC, but with an extra camshaft! One camshaft operates the intake valves, the other the exhaust valves and generally improves efficiency.

1. Sad Old Hairy Car
   Super Octane Hepta-Carbonie
2. Single Overhead Camshaft

The single overhead camshaft refers to an engine with one camshaft that operates both the exhaust and intake valves.

1. Exhaust head bolts
   Experimental head bolts
2. Cylinder head bolts

Head bolts are sometimes referred to as cylinder head bolts. These secure a cylinder head and gasket to the engine block.

1. Bearing
   Balance shaft
2. Cog belt

The balance shaft is a counterweighted engine shaft designed to offset unwanted crankshaft vibrations. It's most commonly used in inline four-cylinder engines that, due to their design, have unbalanced vibrations.

1. Oil pot
   Oil pond
2. Oil pan

The oil pan serves as the oil reservoir. Usually made out of steel or aluminum, it's a removable part that is mounted on the bottom of the cylinder block.

1. Outcast valve
   Auspicious valve
2. Intake valve

The intake valve is a real valve! Located in the cylinder head, it's camshaft-driven and allows the fuel/air mixture into the cylinder.

1. Bearing
   Belt
2. Cylinder

A bearing is a curved metal piece that reduces friction between components. It comes in different shapes and sizes. such as ball bearings, thrust bearings and plain bearings.

1. Pressure lever
   Balancing arm
2. Rocker arm

The rocker arm is driven by a pushrod or camshaft lobe. This transfers motions to open and close the valves.

1. Compression ring
   Firewall
2. Vibrational damper

The compression ring is a type of piston ring that seals the cylinder wall off from the crankcase, as well as transfering heat from the piston to the cylinder.

1. Piston pin magnet
   Piston pin dynamo
2. Piston pin clip

The piston pin clip is used to keep the piston in place. It is secured on both sides.

1. Engine block
   Camshaft
2. Intake valve

The engine block is the lower section of the engine. It is cast out of metal (usually an aluminum alloy on modern vehicles) and houses the crankshaft, pistons and cylinders.

1. A valve lifter
   A pulley buttoner
2. A shark infester

The cam follower is also known as a valve lifter (or a tappet). A pulley buttoner is what you use to button your pullies, one would suppose.

1. Rocker arm
   Push rod
2. Timing belt

The timing belt is a toothed belt, usually made of reinforced rubber, and it rides on the sprockets. The timing belt connects the camshaft to the crankshaft, which is necessary to control the opening and closing of the engine's valves. It can also control other mechanisms in the engine, such as the water and oil pumps.

1. Timing chain
   Timing gears
2. Timing tubing

Timing tubing is not a part of the internal combustion engine (although it sounds like it could be a part of Dr. Who's TARDIS).

1. Crankcase
   Connecting rod
2. DOHC

The connecting rod forms the mechanical link between the piston and crankshaft. It converts the piston's up-and-down motion into the crankshaft's rotary motion, allowing the combustion of the fuel/air mix to propel the vehicle.

1. Something used for tuning stereo systems
   A pulley in front of the crankshaft
2. The engine tuner for improved sound

The harmonic balancer (also called a crankshaft damper, torsional damper or vibration dampener) is a device attached to the crankshaft that helps dampen vibrations by providing a counterbalance to the crankshaft's rotational motion.

1. A pin
   A belt
2. A valve lifter

A tappet is a valve lifter (also known as a cam follower). It's actuated by the camshaft, moving vertically as the cam rotates.

1. Cog belt
   Harpie pincher
2. Gallows monger

The cog belt is a toothed belt. A harpie pincher and a gallows monger are whatever you want them to be...

1. Vibration killer
   Sound damper
2. Vibration damper

Vibration damper is another name for harmonic balancer. Both these names sound they should be used for musical instruments.

1. Push rod
   Bearings
2. Piston

The piston fits snugly within the cylinder. It moves ups and down in the cylinder and is attached to the crankshaft by a connecting rod. The combustion of the fuel/air mix in the cylinder moves the piston, which moves the crankshaft which moves the wheels.

1. A car that loses oil
   An oil change mechanic
2. A collar that circulates oil

An oil slinger is a cone-shaped collar. It's designed to circulate oil to various engine parts using centrifugal force.

1. Cylinder liner
   DOHC
2. Muffler pipe

The cylinder liner is also known as a sleeve. It's a replaceable, hollow tube that fits into the cylinder bore and protects the cylinder walls from wear and damage.

1. Gyrating pin
   Wrist pin
2. Dynamic pin

A piston pin is known as a wrist pin (or, in the U.K. a gudgeon pin). It's a tubular metal shaft, usually made of a high-strength steel alloy, that attaches a piston to a connecting rod. The wrist pin is a small but crucial part of the engine.

1. Cam follower
   Valve lifter
2. Bearing cap

The bearing cap is a retainer. It's held in place by nuts and bolts and secures the bearing shell which keeps the crankshaft in place.

1. Two-bolt main
   Four-bolt mini
2. Four-bolt main

The four-bolt main is the crankshaft main bearing cap that holds the crankshaft into place at the bottom of the engine. It's held in place by four bolts instead of two and is thought by some to be a stronger design.

1. Sodium-cooled valve
   Sodium ignition system
2. Salt piston pan

The sodium-cooled valve is filled with, well, sodium. The sodium melts when heated, drawing off some of the heat from the valve, which helps maintain horsepower. It's often seen in high-performance vehicles.

1. Intake valve lifter
   Zero valve lifter
2. Hydraulic valve lifter

The hydraulic valve lifter — also known as a hydraulic tappet — uses hydraulic oil pressure to eliminate the need for valve adjustments. This helps the engine to operate more quietly with less wear and tear.

1. The pin surface
   The pin bearing
2. The pin bushing

Usually made of bronze or similar material, the piston pin bushing is removable and serves as a bearing surface for the pin.

1. Oil pump
   Oil valve
2. Oil control ring

The oil control ring scrapes oil from the cylinder wall, helping to regulate oil consumption within the cylinder. They are usually made of cast iron or bronze aluminum.

1. Freezer plug
   Refrigerator plug
2. Expansion plug

The expansion plug provides pressure relief for the engine in cold temperatures. This is necessary, as the coolant expands when it freezes and could damage the engine.

1. Sprocket
   The tappet
2. The grill

A sprocket is a wheel with a set of teeth on the outer circumference. It meshes with items like the chain or timing belt to drive them.