1. yes
   no
2. only the ones made in Japan
   if you change the tires

Off-road vehicles are still vehicles, first and foremost. When they are rolled out of the vehicle companies where they are manufactured, they can all be driven on the road at first.

1. forest trails
   sand dunes
2. snow
   all of the above

As the name testifies, off-road vehicles can be ridden on any surface. That includes sand dunes, forest trails and even on land covered with snow.

1. samurai using vehicle
   sport utility vehicle
2. special unregulated vehicle
   swinging underchassis vehicle

SUV technically means sport utility vehicle. This kind of vehicle started to become popular during the 1990s.

1. aluminum trucked vehicle
   armored technical vehicle
2. all-terrain vehicle
   automatic traveling vehicle

ATV stands for all-terrain vehicle. These are one of the most common types of off-road vehicles that are also fun to use for beginners.

1. yes
   no
2. only if it’s done over icy terrain
   only if the vehicles are 4x4

Certain off-road vehicle events and competitions emphasize the driver’s skills in maneuvering specific terrains, and their vehicles’ ability to do the maneuvering are given bigger importance than finishing first in a race. So speed is nothing if your vehicle and ability to drive are whack!

1. true
   false
2. only the ones made in Europe
   only the ones sold in America

While most 4x4 vehicles can be considered as off-road vehicles, it doesn’t mean that off-road vehicles are only the 4x4 ones. This is because some off-road vehicles only have 3 wheels or 2 wheels, so you can’t exactly call them 4x4, right?

1. a fresh auto detailing job
   a driver who went to driving school
2. a new paint job
   a full tank of gas/diesel

No matter what kind of off-roading vehicle one possesses, one needs a full tank before embarking on an off-road adventure. Whether it’s gas or diesel, your vehicle needs its full load!

1. gravel type
   grasslands terrain
2. dry dirt paths
   all of the above

A beginner in the world of off-roading could take a page from hikers or campers and try off-roading in not-so-challenging terrains. This includes terrains filled with gravel, dry dirt roads and grassland terrains, all considered as friendly rides for newbies.

1. pebbles
   grass
2. sand
   water

When off-roaders say they’ll ride the dunes, that means riding sand dunes. Sand dunes appear hilly and uneven, calling drivers for challenging paths of sandy resistance.

1. sea
   ocean
2. river
   waterfalls

River runs also happen as part of off-roading adventures. Some vehicles are equipped to literally ride through water.

1. yes
   no
2. only if you plan to ride on snow
   only if you plan to join competitions

Contrary to popular belief, it’s not a requirement to modify the basic specs of an off-road vehicle before riding them off the road. Most of them are already well-equipped as they are, and modifications only happen if a driver wants to do something more adventurous with his or her ride.

1. They will give you flat tires.
   You will run out of gas.
2. They will each move at varying speeds.
   The vehicle will move faster.

A "diff lock” refers to locking the differential so that all the wheels move using the same speed. So if you forget to lock, this will result in the wheels moving at varying speeds, as each wheel tries to navigate specific terrain that it’s maneuvering.

1. souped-up urban vehicle
   specialized urban vehicle
2. suburban utility vehicle
   sensitive utility vehicle

SUVs are also called suburban utility vehicle since they’re also popular with suburban users. Since it’s larger than a car, it can have functions useful for a typical suburban family.

1. lonely racing
   solitary racing
2. off-ed up racing
   desert racing

Middle Eastern countries are popular destinations for off-roading enthusiasts because they have open desert landscapes. However, certain states with desert landscapes are alternative destinations for drivers who don’t want to go overseas.

1. wallowing
   silting
2. mudding
   tricking

When you’re mudding, that means you’re riding your off-road vehicle through muddy areas or areas with heavy clay deposits on the terrain. It can get quite slippery at times.

1. rock crawling
   base jumping
2. scaling
   rappelling

Rock crawling is a kind of off-road driving wherein one will really ride through a rocky area. We’re not just talking of small rocks or pebble-like stones here, but humongous chunks or slabs of uneven boulder fragments!

1. a beacon signal
   a whistle
2. a tow rope
   a liter of water

A tow rope is essential gear for off-road drivers. The rope should be strong enough to tow the vehicle, though, so make sure it’s appropriate enough to pull your off-road vehicle.

1. the environment
   marine sanctuaries
2. the stratosphere
   urban landscapes

Off-roading became controversial since conservationists pointed out how it destroys the environment. In particular, there are certain wildlife disturbed or forest grounds destroyed by the rip-roaring humongous vehicles.

1. true
   false
2. only the ones in South America
   only when it leads to a desert

Public lands are essentially owned and maintained by the governments that govern them. There have been provisions in the past where off-roading can’t be done in specific public lands, so make sure you know the rules of a specific public land prior to riding through it.

1. versatility
   traction
2. mobility
   torque

A wheel should have enough grip on the terrain it’s maneuvering. This is called traction, and the driver behind the steering wheel should also be aware of terrain-wheel traction reactions.

1. dustpan
   rake
2. shovel
   lawnmower

Aside from a tow rope, a small shovel could be brought during your off-roading adventure. It could be a necessity for when your tires get stuck, and you need a shovel to dig your way out.

1. suspension lift
   automatic locking differential
2. 4-wheel drive modification
   strip to metal

One of the typical modifications done to an off-roading vehicle is the suspension lift. It essentially renders the vehicle taller than its original height, to be ready for off-road challenges.

1. new antenna
   additional fog lights
2. having larger wheels
   overhead rack installation

Some off-road vehicle owners modify all their wheels and exchange the regular ones for really bigger ones. But this is not a standard procedure applicable to all kinds of off-roading vehicles.

1. an animal-made manhole
   a depressed driver
2. a deepened track that previous vehicles rode through
   a pitstop

Mudding experts know how to navigate themselves when riding over a rut. A rut is a track that’s previously made by another vehicle on a specific muddy area, and other vehicles that repeatedly pass over it deepen the track even more — so be careful!

1. true
   false
2. only those touching the Pacific Ocean
   only the ones found in Southeast Asia

While a beach will have good sand dunes ripe for riding off-road vehicles, they’re not all good for riding, period. Remember that not all beaches are open to accept vehicles on their premises, so check if a certain beach allows specific types of off-road vehicles like 3-wheeled ATVs — or none at all.

1. landing angle
   approach angle
2. safety angle
   high-low angle

The approach angle means determining which part of your off-road vehicle will touch surface ground first. It’s either the wheel or the nose, so estimate accordingly, especially if you’re on a hill.

1. Check if you have enough food provisions for all.
   Make sure you can still see the other driver’s eyes.
2. Always leave enough room in between vehicles.
   Don’t spill your beer.

Off-road vehicles riding one after another should know well enough to leave ample room in between their vehicle and the others’ vehicles. The standard spacing is one vehicle away, but 2-3 won’t hurt, especially if you’re traversing terrain with elements that might end up flying all over, like gravel or small rocks.

1. yes
   no
2. only when you’ve checked for crocodiles
   only if it’s raining at the same time

When an off-road vehicle passed by shallow waters, wait until the waters have settled before driving through. It’s harder to navigate unsettled waters, not to mention some things or the surface underneath might have moved, and this could hamper your otherwise smooth ride.

1. ride through it
   ride in reverse
2. let it pass
   ride alongside of it

When encountering a sandstorm, it’s best to let it pass before riding out again. So park that off-roader, because no matter how tough your vehicle is, nature is still tougher.

1. yes
   no
2. only the ones made in China
   only the ones ridden in Europe

Not all off-road vehicles use automatic transmissions. In fact, hardcore riders prefer manual transmissions, so they could manually control the gears during specific types of rides.

1. the mining industry
   the entertainment industry
2. the military
   the logging industry

The military used to be the number one market of off-road vehicle makers, especially during the world wars. These days, specific off-road manufacturers still supply military vehicles that are off-road types, but this market demand has since dwindled.

1. the transmission gear
   the driver's blood pressure
2. the tires
   the oil pressure

Tire pressure should essentially be lower than average when going off-road riding. This tip is actually the opposite of driving on usual paved roads.

1. The vehicle might stall.
   The vehicle might skid.
2. The vehicle engine might die.
   The vehicle might overheat.

Sudden brakes make for skidding, especially in wet terrains or in icy ones. So be gradual in braking, until you get control of the terrain.

1. low crawl speed
   ground clearance
2. hill descent control
   electronic coupling

Checking for ground clearance means that a vehicle owner should assess the vehicle’s ability to go through a terrain without snagging anything underneath it. This protects the undercarriage from unnecessary damage.

1. Mexico
   USA
2. Italy
   Spain

The Baja 100 is an officially sanctioned off-road race that takes place in Mexico. It is the most popular race by The SCORE, or the Sanctioning Committee Off Road Events.