1. BMW
   Honda
2. Porsche
   Volkswagen

Porsche has had the lowest recall rate since 1985, with 531 recalls per 1,000 vehicles sold. In comparison, the Volkswagen Group, with 1,805 recalls per 1,000 vehicles sold, has had the highest recall rate.

1. Chrysler
   Honda
2. Subaru
   Volvo

Volvo has had the fewest, with 71 percent of their recalls having the potential for crashes, fires, injuries or death.

1. Toyota Camry
   Honda Civic
2. GMC Sierra
   Ford Explorer

The Toyota Camry is a popular choice in the U.S.

1. 1986
   1976
2. 1966
   1956

The National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act was signed in 1966.

1. 1950
   1960
2. 1970
   1980

Automotive recalls started in 1970 after the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) was founded.

1. 1 out of 2
   1 out of 4
2. 1 out of 5
   1 out of 8

About 1 out of every 4 drivers in the U.S. are driving nearly 64 million vehicles with potentially dangerous unaddressed recalls.

1. 424 million
   42 million
2. 24 million
   4.2 million

The largest automotive recall in U.S. history involved 42 million vehicles.

1. an automaker voluntarily issues a recall
   the NHTSA orders an automaker to initiate a recall
2. the NHTSA recommends a recall based on NHTSA investigations
   all of these

All three of these are possible ways to initiate an automotive recall.

1. Al Gore
   David Horowitz
2. Cecilia Muñoz
   Ralph Nader

In 1965, U.S. consumer protection advocate Ralph Nader published "Unsafe at Any Speed."

1. wrong color threading in seats
   unexpected airbag deployment
2. loose windshield wipers
   edits to the owner's manual

VW recalled 3.7 million vehicles made between 1949 and 1969 because of loose windshield wipers.

1. Ford Pinto
   AMC Pacer
2. Chevy Nova
   Volvo 66

The flaw in the Pinto's fuel tank led to multiple injuries and deaths. Ford recalled 1.5 million Pintos and Bobcats in 1978 and stopped their production in 1980.

1. Hyundai
   Kia
2. Subaru
   Toyota

More than 30 people were killed when the gas pedal on some Toyotas and Lexus became stuck at full-throttle. It took two recalls to address the problem.

1. wrong color threading in seats
   unexpected airbag deployment
2. loose windshield wipers
   edits to the owner's manual

Scion recalled its 2012 FR-S because of inaccuracies about the airbag system that could be confusing in the owner's manual.

1. body panel rust
   excessive oil consumption
2. non-functioning air conditioning
   none of these are safety-related defects

None of these are considered by the NHTSA to be safety-related defects.

1. if a vehicle isn't in compliance with U.S. Department of Transportation’s Vehicle Safety Act
   if a vehicle isn't in compliance with the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards
2. if a vehicle isn't in compliance with the Consumer Product Safety Act
   if a vehicle isn't in compliance with the Center for Auto Safety

The NHTSA issues a recall when a vehicle -- or its equipment (such as its tires) -- doesn't comply with the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard.

1. 21 million
   12 million
2. 2 million
   1 million

In 1980, Ford recalled 21 million cars and trucks because of an issue that could cause some automatic transmissions to slip out of park.

1. add a warning label to the dashboard
   make fuel tank modifications
2. replace faulty handbrake
   install bumper reinforcements

As many as 23 million Fords owners were mailed a 5-1/2-inch-by-1-1/4-inch silver warning label to stick to the dashboard.

1. repair
   refund
2. replace
   ignore

Automakers have three options: They can choose to repair the issue at no cost; replace the vehicle with an identical or similar one; or, refund the full purchase price (minus depreciation). While some may try, it's illegal to ignore correcting a safety-related defect.

1. Chevrolet
   Ford
2. Pontiac
   Volvo

In 1999, Ford recalled almost 15 million vehicles because faulty cruise-control switches could catch fire.

1. Pontiac Fiero
   Chevrolet Impala
2. Oldsmobile Intrigue
   Ford Pinto

The Ford Pinto was nicknamed "the barbecue that seats four" after fuel tank explosions during rear collisions.

1. Honda
   GM
2. Nissan
   Subaru

GM recalled 2.6 million Chevrolet Cobalts, and look-alike Pontiac G5s, because of an ignition switch problem causing the engine to shut off while driving.

1. Audi
   Ford
2. GM
   Kia

GM is at the top of the list, with the most recalls on more of its models than any other automaker between 2004 and 2014.

1. Audi 80
   Audi 5000
2. Audi Coupe
   Audi Quattro

Independent reports all confirmed, there was no acceleration defect in the Audi 5000. The German-styled (narrow) gas and brake pedals were confusing U.S. drivers, who were putting the pedal to the metal instead of braking.

1. Autoliv North America
   GWR Safety Systems
2. Takata
   TRW Automotive

After an NHTSA investigation, seat belts manufactured by auto parts maker Takata Corp. were recalled for defective plastic release buttons. While most of the seat belts were installed in Hondas and Nissans, Takata seat belts impacted 11 automakers.

1. Firestone AT
   Firestone ATX
2. Firestone Wilderness ATX II
   Firestone Wilderness LE

After nearly 175 deaths in addition to more than 700 injuries, Firestone and Ford recalled 3.8 million P235/75R15 ATX and ATXII tires, and 2.7 million Wilderness AT tires because of tread separation. As many as 81 percent of complaints involved Firestone's 15-inch P235/75R15.

1. Dodge Durango
   Ford Explorer
2. Honda CR-V
   Nissan Pathfinder

Although the Bronco, Ranger and F-150 also were affected by the tread separation that caused the recall, most of the Firestone tires involved were on the Ford Explorer.

1. "Creating a Higher Standard"
   "Quality Is Job One"
2. "Making it Right"
   "People First"

While these are all auto-related slogans, Bridgestone/Firestone's campaign to restore consumer confidence was called "Making It Right."

1. Chevrolet Corvair
   Fiat 500
2. Porsche 911
   Volkswagen Beetle

The first-generation Chevy Corvair, manufactured between 1960 and 1963, was prone to handling issues that could cause the driver to lose control of the vehicle.

1. about 1 percent of all recalls
   about 5 percent of all recalls
2. about 10 percent of all recalls
   about 15 percent of all recalls

Software-related recalls increased from fewer than 5 percent to about 15 percent, between 2011 and 2015.

1. Ford F-150
   Kia Sedona
2. Honda Accord
   Toyota Tacoma

According to NHTSA data, the Kia Sedona is not in the top 10 vehicles most potentially affected by recalls between 1990 and 2014.

1. Mazda 6
   Toyota Avalon
2. Toyota Camry
   Volkswagen Jetta

Toyota recalled 870,000 vehicles, including 2012 and 2013 Avalons, Camrys and Venzas, because of spiders. And Mazda recalled 42,000 Mazda 6s built between 2010 and 2012. The Volkswagen Jetta was not recalled for a spider problem.

1. 180
   70
2. 65
   11

Faulty airbag inflators made by Takata are responsible for 11 deaths and more than 180 injuries.

1. 91
   19
2. 9
   1

As many as 65 to 70 million faulty Takata airbags affected 19 different automakers on car model years between 2002 and 2015.

1. ammonium nitrate-based
   compressed air
2. nitroguanidine-based
   sodium azide-based

Takata began seeing issues after a switch to an ammonium nitrate-based propellant in its airbags.

1. report it to the Office of Inspector General
   report it to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
2. report it to the Federal Transit Administration
   report it to the Federal Highway Administration

Consumers can file complaints to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, which is part of the U.S. Department of Transportation, through NHTSA's at safercar.gov website.